Ānandavardhana has been assigned by Biihler and Jacobi to the middle of the ninth century, on the strength of Rājatarangi, v. 34, which makes him one of the ornaments of the court of Avantivarman (A.D. 855–84). The statements of Kalhana; no doubt, must be accepted with caution, but it is unlikely, as we shall see from several other considerations, that the tradition in Kāśmīr, thus embodied in the Rāja-tarangi, regarding a famous author, should have maintained a false or unfounded account. We are pretty certain of the time of Abhinavagupta, Ānandavardhana's commentator; for, as he himself states, his commentary on the Īśvara-pratyabhijñā was written in A.D. 1014–15, while his Krama-stotra was composed in A.D. 991. This would certainly place him towards the end of the tenth and the beginning of the eleventh century.